Immigration is once again at the forefront of policy debate in many European countries. Public opinion
concerns are caused not only by the recent refugees crisis but also by the increases in intra-EU mobility
and in the inflows of economic migrants in the Union. Using data from the latest editions of the European
Labour Force Survey, the Migration Observatory Annual Reports provide fresh and updated evidence on the
economic integration of immigrants in Europe, focusing especially on their labour market outcomes.
This is the ninth edition of the Migration Observatory annual report on immigrant integration in Europe.
The report is articulated in two parts. In the first part, we use data from the latest edition of the European Labour Force Survey (2023) to provide a concise, easily accessible and up-to-date source of reference regarding the size, characteristics, and relative economic performance of immigrants in European countries. In the second part, instead, we shift our focus to their native-born descendants – commonly referred to as second-generation immigrants. We assess their demographic profile, educational attainment, employment outcomes, and the role of citizenship in shaping their labour market integration.
We show that while second-generation immigrants fare better than the first-generations in many respects, significant disparities persist compared to natives with native-born parents.
Download the 9th Migration Observatory Report
Professor of Economics at the Department of Economics, Management and Quantitative Methods of the University of Milan. He is also a Research Fellow CEPR, at CReAM, the Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration at University College London (UCL), at Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano (LdA) and at IZA. He received his PhD in Economics from University College London in 2010. His main research interests are in Applied Microeconomics, Labour Economics and the Economics of Migration. His work has been published in journals such as the Review of Economic Studies, the Journal of the European Economic Association, the Economic Journal, the Journal of Economic Geography, and Economic Policy among others.
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Research assistant at the Migration Observatory of Centro Studi Luca d’Agliano and Collegio Carlo Alberto. He holds a MSc in Economics and Political Science from the University of Milan and a BSc in Business Administration from Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. His research interests include Economics of Migration, Environmental Economics, Political Economy and Health Economics.
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