Reports
8th Migration Observatory Report
The eighth edition of the Migration Observatory annual report on immigrant integration in Europe is focused on the skill mismatch and the overeducation of immigrants in Europe. First, it investigates the differentials in labour market outcomes between natives, foreign-educated immigrants, domestically-educated immigrants, and second generations. Then, it focuses on highly educated (first and second-generation) migrants only and analyse their economic integration in terms of employment probability, job quality, and skill mismatch relative to natives.
7th Migration Observatory Report
The seventh edition of the Migration Observatory annual report on immigrant integration in Europe is focused on naturalization patterns of immigrants in Europe and on the labour market differentials between naturalized and non-naturalized immigrants. First, it describes the main patterns characterizing naturalizations in Europe over the last decade; then, it describes the characteristics of naturalized vis-a-vis non-naturalized long-term immigrants; finally, it analyses the so-called naturalization premium, i.e. the differentials in labour market outcomes between naturalized and non-naturalized long-term immigrants.
6th Migration Observatory Report
Motivated also by the observation of the higher job toll paid by immigrant women during the pandemic, this sixth edition of the Migration Observatory Report focuses in particular on the economic integration of immigrant women in Europe. Women account for more than half of the overall immigrant population in the EU, have on average a higher level of education relative to immigrant men, but their labour market performance is weaker – even compared to native women, and it has been deteriorating over time.
5th Migration Observatory Report
The defining theme of 2020 has certainly been the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The fifth Migration Observatory Report focuses on Italy, the first European country that had to deal with the coronavirus, and that was also the first to implement drastic lockdown measures which severely affected all of its residents. We provide a first analysis of the short-run effects of the pandemic on immigrants’ labour market outcomes, which will highlight the stronger toll that the coronavirus shock took on the foreign-born population, and specifically on less educated immigrants and on women.
4th Migration Observatory Report
The Fourth Annual Report explores the geography of migration. We show that clustering and agglomeration, in regions and in occupations, play a central role in shaping immigrant integration. Immigrants’ employment probability is - on average - not too different from that of natives, also because immigrants are concentrated in the most economically successful regions within a country. However, immigrants have considerably lower wages than natives, largely because they tend to be employed in low pay occupations. The tension between living in richer regions and performing low skilled jobs may contribute to explain the common misperceptions of natives with respect to immigration.
3rd Migration Observatory Report
This report takes a long-term perspective, and studies the experience of six key EU countries – France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the UK – in terms of immigrant integration over the last two decades (1995-2016). The proportion of immigrants in the country population has converged within these six countries over time, so that countries with an initially low immigrant stock, like Italy and Spain, have now similar levels of immigration to countries with a longer history of immigration, like France and Germany.
2nd Migration Observatory Report
Italy has only recently reached a level of immigration comparable to the largest EU15 countries, but its immigrant population tends to be less skilled than elsewhere in the EU, while at the same time displaying both higher employment rates and lower wage levels than comparable natives. This report provides an in-depth analysis of immigrant integration in the Italian labour market, paying attention to the changes occurred during the last decade, while at the same time providing evidence on immigrant assimilation profiles in employment probability, occupational distribution, and wage levels.
1st Migration Observatory Report
While recognising that integration is a multi-faceted concept, and that the political, social and economic integration of immigrants may proceed at different paces, on trajectories sometimes loosely related, this report aims to provide a concise but comprehensive and updated overview on the economic integration of immigrants in Europe, focusing especially on their labour market outcomes relative to natives.